Weapon Systems are the actual destructive elements of the Primary, Main and Secondary Weapon systems. Since they are not exclusive to Starships, they are listed separately.
The targeting systems takes the position data from the Navigation Systems and converts it into firing solutions for the weapons and their gunners. The gunners then use the firing solutions to target the ships. A ships targeting is only as good as the sensors available to it, and as good as the skill of the gunners and machinery that make use of that data.
The primary weapon is a ships most powerful weapon. A single weapon of awesome strength that requires the ships entire power reserve (and then some) to operate. The result of this power requirement means that the ship is a powerless target while the weapon is being used, and either before or after it is used. It either takes a while to charge the capacitors to be able to use the weapon, or depending on the design, it could instead take a while after the weapon is used to restore power to the rest of the ship and reboot the computer systems. This type of weapon system is not installed on most ships, only on the most powerful of warships.
Main Weapons are the standard ship to ship guns. Normally too large and bulky to be used on small targets, but very powerful in their own right.
Secondary Weapon systems are weaker yet quicker weapon emplacements used to defend against against fighters and incoming missiles and energy beams. They are sometimes referred to as anti-aircraft guns, or interceptors.
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